[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/mikrovlnna-trouba\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/mikrovlnna-trouba\/","headline":"Mikrovlnn\u00e1 trouba","name":"Mikrovlnn\u00e1 trouba","description":"Jak vlastn\u011b byla \u201emikrovlnka\u201c vymy\u0161lena? Jak to v jej\u00edch vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch vlastn\u011b funguje? A pro\u010d do n\u00ed vlastn\u011b nem\u00e1me d\u00e1vat n\u011bkter\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly a potraviny?
 
 Jak byla vynalezena
 Pr\u00fd to bylo takto. Pan Percy Spenncer vyr\u00e1b\u011bl v roce 1945 Americe pro radar jedno d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u2013 magnetron. Vyn\u00e1lezce m\u011bl p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s n\u00edm v kapse […]","datePublished":"2018-09-30","dateModified":"2023-05-09","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"keli.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a331317_w2675_t1543583541.png","url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a331317_w2675_t1543583541.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/mikrovlnna-trouba\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":408,"articleBody":"Jak vlastn\u011b byla \u201emikrovlnka\u201c vymy\u0161lena? Jak to v jej\u00edch vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch vlastn\u011b funguje? A pro\u010d do n\u00ed vlastn\u011b nem\u00e1me d\u00e1vat n\u011bkter\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly a potraviny?
 
 Jak byla vynalezena
 Pr\u00fd to bylo takto. Pan Percy Spenncer vyr\u00e1b\u011bl v roce 1945 Americe pro radar jedno d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u2013 magnetron. Vyn\u00e1lezce m\u011bl p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s n\u00edm v kapse tabulku \u010dokol\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 se mu najednou rozpustila. Zjistil, \u017ee to zp\u016fsobily mikrovlny magnetronu. Po dvou letech pak vyrobili prvn\u00ed mikrovlnnou troubu. Ale tu bychom do dne\u0161n\u00edch kuchy\u0148sk\u00fdch linek hodn\u011b t\u011b\u017eko za\u010dle\u0148ovali. Hlavn\u011b na vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 m\u00edsta. Jej\u00ed hmotnost toti\u017e byla n\u011bco kolem 400 kg. Minimalizace tohoto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161la postupn\u011b v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch letech.
 
 Pro\u010d se v n\u00ed j\u00eddlo vlastn\u011b oh\u0159eje?
 Je to d\u00edky vod\u011b, kterou ka\u017ed\u00fd pokrm obsahuje. Molekula voda se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou atom\u016f vod\u00edku a jednoho atomu kysl\u00edku. Tvo\u0159\u00ed spolu dip\u00f3l tvaru \u0161ipky. Proto\u017ee je asymetrick\u00fd, nejsou v rovnov\u00e1ze ani jeho elektrick\u00e9 n\u00e1boje. P\u016fsoben\u00edm mikrovln magnetronu se \u201enesymetrick\u00e9\u201c molekuly rozkmitaj\u00ed (rezonuj\u00ed). Z\u00edskaj\u00ed t\u00edm energii. V troub\u011b je frekvence mikrovln nastavena pr\u00e1v\u011b tak, aby p\u0159i n\u00ed molekuly vody rezonovaly. Voda se tak zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 a zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 tedy i v\u0161e, co ji obsahuje.
 
 Pro\u010d se mus\u00ed oh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9 j\u00eddlo to\u010dit?
 Je to kv\u016fli tomu, aby se oh\u0159\u00edvalo rovnom\u011brn\u011b. Mikrovlny se toti\u017e ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm prostoru za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde je \u00fa\u010dinek vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a m\u00edsta, kde je naopak ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed (tzv. maxima a minima). Ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed tal\u00ed\u0159e s j\u00eddlem tedy eliminuje jejich vliv, nerovnom\u011brnost oh\u0159evu.
 
 Co a pro\u010d do n\u00ed ned\u00e1v\u00e1me?
 \u00b7 kovy \u2013 kdy\u017e mikrovlny rozkmitaj\u00ed molekuly kov\u016f, vznikne elektrick\u00fd proud, siln\u011b se zajisk\u0159\u00ed a ho\u0159\u00ed materi\u00e1l)
 \u00b7 cel\u00e1 vejce \u2013 voda uvnit\u0159 vejce se za\u010dne va\u0159it a p\u00e1ra zp\u016fsob\u00ed tlak a jeho explozi)
 \u00b7 j\u00eddlo na ledov\u00e9m tal\u00ed\u0159i \u2013 oh\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd pokrm ho prudce zah\u0159eje, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pot\u00e9 praskne
 \u00b7 j\u00eddlo v neprody\u0161n\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00e9m mikrotenov\u00e9m s\u00e1\u010dku \u2013 ten je pot\u0159eba v\u017edy prop\u00edchnout, aby mohla unikat p\u00e1ra z oh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho obsahu (jinak m\u016f\u017ee nastat probl\u00e9m viz vejce v\u00fd\u0161e)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Mikrovlnn\u00e1 trouba","item":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/mikrovlnna-trouba\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]