[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/finance-a-financni-vztahy\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/finance-a-financni-vztahy\/","headline":"Finance a finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy","name":"Finance a finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy","description":"Ot\u00e1zkou financ\u00ed se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me denn\u011b. Ale co vlastn\u011b o financ\u00edch v\u00edme? Finance jsou pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed, rozd\u011bluj\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 fondy \u010di kapit\u00e1l. S pen\u011b\u017en\u00edmi vztahy \u00fazce souvis\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy, ale pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt z\u00e1rove\u0148 finan\u010dn\u00edmi vztahy. Finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy m\u016f\u017eeme definovat jako pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy, kter\u00e9 souvisej\u00ed s u\u017eit\u00edm, p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed […]","datePublished":"2017-12-15","dateModified":"2023-05-09","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"keli.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a307487_w2439_t1518726903.png","url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a307487_w2439_t1518726903.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/finance-a-financni-vztahy\/","about":["Ekonomika"],"wordCount":392,"articleBody":"Ot\u00e1zkou financ\u00ed se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me denn\u011b. Ale co vlastn\u011b o financ\u00edch v\u00edme? Finance jsou pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed, rozd\u011bluj\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 fondy \u010di kapit\u00e1l. S pen\u011b\u017en\u00edmi vztahy \u00fazce souvis\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy, ale pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt z\u00e1rove\u0148 finan\u010dn\u00edmi vztahy. Finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy m\u016f\u017eeme definovat jako pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed vztahy, kter\u00e9 souvisej\u00ed s u\u017eit\u00edm, p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed masy, co\u017e n\u00e1s vede zp\u00e1tky k tomu, \u017ee souhrn definovan\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch vztah\u016f a jejich vnit\u0159n\u011b prov\u00e1zan\u00fd syst\u00e9m naz\u00fdv\u00e1me finance.
 
 Finance m\u016f\u017eeme rozd\u011blit na:
 \u25cf ve\u0159ejn\u00e9
 \u25cf soukrom\u00e9
 Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 financejsou charakteristick\u00e9 nen\u00e1vratnost\u00ed, neekvivalentnost\u00ed, nedobrovolnost\u00ed (dan\u011b). Jedn\u00e1 se o souhrn, kter\u00fd souvis\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm a tvorbou pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed masy a jejich \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v org\u00e1nech a organizac\u00edch ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance d\u00e1le rozd\u011blujeme nast\u00e1tn\u00ed a m\u00edstn\u00ed. St\u00e1tn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance maj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam, proto\u017ee s financemi nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 st\u00e1t. Pod pojmem m\u00edstn\u00ed finance si p\u0159edstav\u00edme hospoda\u0159en\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016f m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy tedy hospoda\u0159en\u00ed obc\u00ed a kraj\u016f. V tomto rozd\u011blen\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit nap\u0159\u00edklad rozpo\u010dty.
 Soukrom\u00e9 financemaj\u00ed opa\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Jejich charakteristick\u00e9 znaky jsou: dobrovolnost, ekvivalence (pen\u00edze za n\u011bco), n\u00e1vratnost. S t\u011bmito financemi nakl\u00e1daj\u00ed firmy a dom\u00e1cnosti.
 
 Jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed finance funkce?
 Finance maj\u00ed p\u011bt funkc\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o funkce distribu\u010dn\u00ed, aloka\u010dn\u00ed, stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed, kontroln\u00ed a fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed. C\u00edlem distribu\u010dn\u00ed funkce je spravedliv\u011b rozd\u011blit pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky.Aloka\u010dn\u00ed funkci m\u016f\u017eeme vn\u00edmat jako schopnost ovlivnit finance prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed (finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f) tam, kde jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9. Stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed funkce slou\u017e\u00ed k obnoven\u00ed makroekonomick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e se tzv. da\u0159\u00ed, m\u011bly by se stanovit rezervy. Funkce kontroln\u00ed n\u00e1m d\u00e1v\u00e1 zp\u011btnou vazbu o financ\u00ed, jak\u00fd je jejich v\u00fdvoj ve spole\u010dnosti nebo kolik jsme utratili. C\u00edlem historicky nejstar\u0161\u00ed funkce fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed je shrom\u00e1\u017edit finance v pokladn\u011b nebo na nezbytn\u00e9 v\u00fddaje.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.2\/5 - (4 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Finance a finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy","item":"https:\/\/www.keli.cz\/finance-a-financni-vztahy\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]